Many unfavorable physiologic and hemodynamic changes associated with obesity are reversible with weight loss. Current guidelines recommend that "overweight" and "obese" individuals lose weight through engaging in lifestyle modification involving diet, exercise and other behavior change. The Hispanic paradox, or Latino paradox, also known as the "epidemiologic paradox," refers to the epidemiological finding that Hispanic and Latino Americans tend to have health outcomes that paradoxically are comparable to, or in some cases better than, those of their U.S. white counterparts, even though Hispanics have lower average income and education. Morbidity 150 278 Italy Age and sex Mäkelä et al., 2005 Male Cohort Mortality and morbidity (combined) 94 413 Finland Age, cohort period, marital status, educational level, and smoking Kabagambe et al., 2005 Both (combined) Case-control Morbidity 1,070 2,055 Costa Rica Age and smoking Doll et al., 2005 Male Physical activity is a strong preventive measure of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Preventive medicine is the branch of medicine that deals not only with preventing disease from occurring, but also with halting disease progression and averting complications after disease onset. height, body surface area or height to the power 2.7, which appears to be particularly sensitive).17 The cut-off proposed in the literature displays important differences between one study and another,17 and the definition of the cut-off from the analysis of Morbidity is an essential concept in the health sciences in totum and in epidemiology particularly. Definitions of Near Miss Maternal Mortality: by organ system •Cardiovascular dysfunction ... an epidemiologic paradox. Nutrition has a strong positive linear relationship with hospitalisation, recovery and death. – Written by Wade Knez, Qatar . Canetto and Sakinofsky published an article in 1998 entitled The gender paradox in suicide , which referred to the fact that in Western countries, women had higher rates of ideation and suicidal behavior, but mortality attributable to suicide was typically male. The paradox for Europe is that sometimes there is a wealth of information If being overweight might be protective for survival, then weight loss programs should have selective population. In other words, whether, for a particular condition (e.g. Public Health Rep. 1986 . In the United States, significant racial and ethnic differences exist in perinatal outcomes, 1–3 exemplified by variable rates of preterm birth, 4 maternal morbidity, 5 and maternal mortality, 6 as well as neonatal morbidity and mortality. prevention paradox: A preventive measure that brings benefits to the community at large but affords little benefit to each participating individual. The definition of arterial hypertension (AH) in the general population is based on ACTIVE-ADIPOSE is designed to accomplish proposed goals of the Rehabilitation/Quality of Life, ... morbidity and mortality among patients on dialysis. When we deploy reason to view ourselves as we do other living things around us, then we realize that we, like them, will fail, die and rot. The existence of the mortality/morbidity paradox is cited in previous sections. cholesterol levels on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients and discuss potential pathogenetic mechanisms that could possibly explain the so called reverse epidemiology paradox . The aim of this study was, therefore, to perform a systematic Int J Fertil Womens Med 2007; 52:121. It’s called “the obesity paradox.” (No, that isn’t a mis-spelling for “two physicians who treat fat people.”) The adverse health effects of obesity are well established, but there are exceptions. Mantel GD, Buchmann E, Rees H, Pattinson RC. It is a universal concept that becomes understandable by its operational definition. Furthermore, multiple measures of morbidity, both subjective and objective measures, have rarely been examined in the same study. exercise and the prevalence of AF exhibits a U-shaped curve, with the incidence of AF being greatest risk in those who are. See the definition, listen to the word, then try to spell it correctly. •. The paradox of more favorable lipid profile and conversely the higher rates of unfavorable blood pressure in Blacks calls into question the validity of the current criteria for metabolic syndrome in Blacks. 2. Int J Fertil Womens Med 2007; 52:121. The association between obesity … The paradox of obstetric "near misses": converting maternal mortality into morbidity. rate [rāt] the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison. Thus, it can be argued that each of the components of the metabolic syndrome carry different CVD risk factors in … Goths love both. The article by Ovibagele et al 5 is the latest study in assessing the link between obesity and recurrent vascular events in stroke survivors. Social isolation is an important public health issue that has gained recognition during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the risks posed to older adults based on physical distancing. As this ratio decreases, asthma morbidity declines, thereby reducing the utilisation of emergency services, hospitalisations and deaths . Successful human reproduction and development is dependent upon men and women undergoing a series of highly interrelated and conditional biologic processes, many of which delineate critical or sensitive windows of human development. Explore the growing evidence for sleep's role in learning, memory, … Obesity paradox. A great paradox of our hyper-connected digital age is that we seem to be drifting apart. The demand for statistical data on diagnosis-based morbidity is increasing; however, the capability to respond to this increasing demand is constrained by limited data availability, quality, and use. See page 1512 for the editorial comment on this article (doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab105) Introduction. showing a brooding ill humor. cholesterol levels on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients and discuss potential pathogenetic mechanisms that could possibly explain the so called reverse epidemiology paradox . ... paradox. This would have allowed a better understanding of whether the alcohol harm paradox was partly due to differences in AAF coefficients between SES groups. The gulf between the poor and rich of the world is widening. morbidity, even in the absence of diabetes, than do Whites. Tunçalp Ö, Souza JP. Hence, different scoring systems were improved to determine the prevalence and severity of CAD. Poverty and social inequality. McLaurin KK, Hall CB, Jackson EA, et al. Effect of late-preterm birth and maternal medical conditions on newborn morbidity risk. Androgen deprivation therapy increases cardiovascular morbidity in men with prostate cancer ... Cohort Definition. While quantification of the term ‘obesity’ is controversial, there is little debate that obesity increases morbidity and mortality. Tunçalp Ö, Souza JP. This has led to the definition of obesity paradox in cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, fast and uncontrolled This chapter provides an overview of six sensitive windows including folliculogenesis, spermatogenesis and steriodogenesis, menstruation, ovulation and the … The ... official mortality and morbidity rates) A key development in social indicators research since … This has been attributed to the younger age, lower co-morbidity, more aggressive treatment and lower risk profile of the smoker. Reported number of people requiring interventions against NTDs. New HIV infections (per 1000 uninfected population) Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100 000 population per year) Malaria incidence (per 1 000 population at risk) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence among children under 5 years. Proportionate mortality describes the proportion of deaths in a specified population over a period of time attributable to different causes. While obesity confers an increased risk of death in the general population, numerous studies have reported an association between obesity and improved survival among critically ill patients. A diagnosis of AHF is made when patients present acutely with signs and symptoms of heart failure, often with decompensation of pre-existing cardiomyopathy. Hispanics are the largest minority group in the USA. See Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol-Related Morbidity and Mortal-ity, 35 MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REP. 2SS (1986) (detailing alcohol related ... By definition, drug suspects and 1998 . Twenty-nine documents are examined more in detail. Hispanic Paradox . The morbidity and mortality associated with asthma are rising, despite increased usage of anti-asthma medications. Morbidity from closed head injury is variable and difficult to predict. Morbidity and Mortality Maria Small MD MPH Maternal Fetal Medicine ... Pattinson. 1, 2 However, recent studies have observed that the potential health effect of physical activity depends on the domain in which it is performed. Some studies, however, have used multivariate analyses to show a residual survival benefit for smokers; that is, the "smoker's paradox". BJOG 2014; 121 Suppl 4:102. Exercise and oxidative stress: An exercise paradox? The Sociological Paradox. Maternal near-miss audits to improve quality of care. It is an established risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adult populations. This report attempts to provide a plausible hypothesis for the "asthma paradox." Our struggle to understand how we know we would one day die, yet all the while, we could not imagine a state of our nonexistence. Hypertension in dialysis: friend or foe? The purpose of this review is to describe the extent and scope of acute heart failure (AHF), place it within its clinical context and highlight some of the difficulties in defining it as a pathophysiological entity. Learn more. Definition of proportionate mortality. 2. Maternal near-miss audits to improve quality of care. paradox within the context of trends in the CWI, two empirical comparisons are described. Category of immigrant status Definition Foreign-born “Someone born outside the United States and its territories, except those born abroad to US-citizen parents. ... 10. 1 Medicine. The condition of suffering from a disease or medical condition. Exercise and oxidative stress: An exercise paradox? The foreign-born include those who have obtained US citizenship through Metabolic Syndrome for Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality Among General Japanese People: A Mini Review Jun Watanabe, Kazuhiko Kotani Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, JapanCorrespondence: Kazuhiko KotaniCenter for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-City, Tochigi 329-0498, JapanTel +81 … August 6, 2015 by John Faithful Hamer 1 Comment. To be a decent human being, you have to treat people like they’re special; but … The paradox … Preventive medicine is the branch of medicine that deals not only with preventing disease from occurring, but also with halting disease progression and averting complications after disease onset. Definition: Mortality Paradox. They contribute to the economy, cultural diversity, and health of the nation. Social isolation is considered a risk factor in the development of disease and in the disability that can occur in the course of existing disease.It has been included as well in the measure of quality of life and thus is an outcome as well as a risk factor. This article is a narrative overview of seventy-two papers (1999–2019) that investigated the obesity paradox during the aging process. The paradox of prohibition is that it fails to deter those who need it most-the hard core users. Ronald Dahl, School of Public Health and the Director of the Institute of Human Development at UC Berkeley, explores the health paradox of adolescence. This increase of the gap coincided with a rise among men in cardiovascu- lar diseases, cancer, and accidents and a fall in maternal mortality and in causes of death related Definition to pregnancy among women. ... is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and a financial burden worldwide.Science Magazine (Nov 9, 2011) morose. ... thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. What fun! addressing increased morbidity and mortality among ethnic/ Table 1. Pediatrics 2008; 121:e223. Each cause is expressed as a percentage of all deaths, and the sum of the causes must add to 100%. Divergent trends in obesity and fat intake patterns: the American paradox. The obesity paradox in HF was initially observed in patients with advanced disease where coexistence of overweight or obesity was associated with improved prognosis compared to normal weight or underweight patients. The Compression of Morbidity hypothesis—positing that the age of onset of chronic illness may be postponed more than the age at death and squeezing most of the morbidity in life into a shorter period with less lifetime disability—was introduced by our group in 1980. The paradox of obstetric "near misses": converting maternal mortality into morbidity. The obesity paradox seems strongest in those who are overweight or mildly (class I) obese. The relevance of this paradox is evident from the continued high ratio of reliever:preventer medication prescriptions in many countries, often well above a ratio of 2:1. Nutritional status serves as an independent predictor of hospital morbidity and mortality. smokers. The dictionary by Merriam-Webster is America's most trusted online dictionary for English word definitions, meanings, and pronunciation. Therefore, the cholesterol paradox in CAD patients may be mainly attributed to … Introduction and Background. Being fat is bad except when it’s good. Smokers have been shown to have lower mortality after acute coronary syndrome than non-smokers. BackgroundAlthough associated with excess mortality and morbidity, obesity is associated with lower mortality after stroke. CRF is a better predictor of CVD outcomes and independently reduces mortality, regardless of BMI. It remains unclear whether the gender paradox discrepancy is based on inferences from ecological correlations between morbidity and mortality or whether the discrepancies hold true at the individual level. Persistence of morbidity and cost differences between late-preterm and term infants during the first year of life. Morbid and moribund are both dark and popular around Halloween, but if you dig up their graves, you'll find their Latin bones are different: Morbid comes from morbus, for disease, while moribund comes from morī, for dying. that women over inflate their self-reported ill health. Assessing their health status and health needs is key to inform health policy formulation and program implementation. Pediatrics 2009; 123:653. Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Tomashek KM, Kotelchuck M, et al. The Hispanic paradox, or Latino paradox, is an epidemiological paradox that refers to the finding that Hispanic and Latino Americans tend to have health outcomes that "paradoxically" are comparable to, or in some cases better than, those of their U.S. non-Hispanic White counterparts, even though Hispanics have lower average income and education. – Written by Wade Knez, Qatar . (Verbal task: definition) Anachronism. No consistent trend in mortality rates was observed across tertiles of BMI. noun. Mantel GD, Buchmann E, Rees H, Pattinson RC. BJOG. Fetal and infant death and serious neonatal morbidty are important adverse outcomes in perinatology. First, the definition and measurement of obesity, techniques of statistical analysis, and the various effects of the initial cerebrovascular event on the patients' weight all deserve a closer look. ... Other research has documented a “Hispanic paradox” of lowered cardiovascular mortality despite an increase in cardiovascular risk factors. The hypothesis involves the role of mast cell degranulation as an endogenous anti-inflammatory mechanism … One might change the phrase "to boldly go where no man has gone before" to "to boldly go where no one has gone before" in order to not use language reflecting. Many lines of evidence indicate that humans evolved to be adapted for regular, moderate amounts of endur- ... gatherer is the key to lowering morbidity and mortality. Heini AF and Weinsier RL. Unlike unintentional injuries, suicide and homicide, the three top causes of death in older age are entirely internal. The modern M&MC has had limited examination (and almost none outside surgery and anesthesia), but may be straying from the precepts from which it evolved. Hypertension in dialysis: friend or foe? Interestingly, the relationship between the intensity of. Am J Med 1997; 102: 259–264. The epidemiological transition makes them face a double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Compared with ACEIs, which reduce the synthesis of Ang II, ARBs competitively and selectively bind to the AT 1 receptor, preventing its activation by Ang II. •. More example sentences. There is an ensuing academic debate concerning the role and magnitude of nutrition in modifying health outcomes and the strategies that are to be employed to ensure nutritional adequacy. See also: paradox This contrary finding has been referred to as the obesity paradox. Increasingly, however, research confirms our deepest intuition: Human connection lies at … The morbidity and mortality conference (M&MC) appears to have sprung from the efforts of physicians to improve practice through the examination of medical errors and bad outcomes. ‘a potentially serious conflict between quantum mechanics and the general theory of relativity known as the information paradox’. Insulin resistance is more prevalent in Blacks than in Whites. a statement that contradicts itself. avert definition: 1. to prevent something bad from happening: 2. to turn away your eyes or thoughts: 3. to prevent…. Obesity appears to confer an advantage in certain subgroups with conditions like heart disease and diabetes. is medicine and to explain the exercise paradox: why people tend to avoid exercise despite its benefits. The prevalence of CAD is associated with the mortality and morbidity of patients. Adolescence is (physically) the healthiest period of the lifespan yet the overall morbidity and mortality rates increase dramatically from childhood to late adolescence. 62 Subsequent studies have confirmed the obesity paradox in both HF with reduced LVEF (HFrEF) and HFpEF. Additional research is needed to bring new insights into “weight paradox” phenomena. The predictive values of morbidity for coronary heart disease seemed to be high in comparison to those for stroke. ‘Zinc supplementation decreases the morbidity of lower respiratory tract infection in pediatric patients in the developing world.’. This entry discusses the prevalence, history, and causes of this paradox. Our primary objective was to examine whether pulse oximeter plethysmograph estimate of pulsus paradoxus (PEP) is associated with physiologic and symptom measures of acute exacerbation severity (airway resistance by impulse oscillometry [%IOS] and the [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]. The definition of arterial hypertension (AH) in the general population is based on A statement or proposition that, despite sound (or apparently sound) reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory. Although women live longer than men on average, researchers find that women are more likely to report poorer health, suffer higher rates of morbidity, and use more health services than men. … Obesity in the US population, however, is increasing despite this knowledge. See page 1512 for the editorial comment on this article (doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab105) Introduction. The paradox stems from two different ways of viewing ourselves — on the one hand, objectively, or from the outside, as it were, and on the other hand, subjectively, or from the inside.
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